Fairfax Hall, the Home of General Isaac Gregory

By Jeannette Holland Austin

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It was General Isaac Gregory, one of the bravest officers who ever drew a sword, who protected the Albemarle region from the British during the American Revolutionary War. Before the long and bloody days began and he proved his worth as a soldier, he commanded a prominent place in the public affairs of his county. His name first appeared in the Colonial Records of North Carolina during 1773 when he was elected sheriff of Pasquotank. Then, in the same year he was appointed one of the trustees of St. Martin's Chapel in Indian Town (Currituck County), a settlement whose citizens were to serve bravely in the war. After the unsuccessful attempt of General Clinton to invade North Carolina in May of 1776, no further effort to place the State under British control was made until 1780. But during the intervening years the Carolina troops had not been idle. Their valor had been proved at Brandywine, Germantown and Stony Point, and during the winter at Valley Forge 1,450 of her soldiers shared with their comrades from the other States the hunger, cold and suffering that was the portion of the army of General George Washington throughout those dreary months. The North Carolina troops aided in the brave but unsuccessful attempt to drive the British from Savannah, 5,000 of her soldiers having been sent to prevent the capture of Charleston; but the patriot forces had been unable to repulse the invaders. Savannah fell, then Charleston, and by the last of May, 1780, both Georgia and South Carolina were in the hands of the enemy, and Cornwallis was threatening to invade North Carolina. Isaac Gregory, who in May of 1779, had been promoted to the office of Brigadier-General of the Edenton District, was ordered to join General Caswell in South Carolina. As soon as he could collect his men, Gregory marched towards the Piedmont section, en route to join the army of General Caswell; and by June he was with the Brigade of General Rutherford at Yadkin's Ford in Rowan. Near this place the Tories had collected, some 800 strong; and Rutherford hoped, with the assistance of General Gregory, to crush them. But to his disappointment, no opportunity emerged because General Bryan, the Tory leader, hearing of the defeat of the Loyalists at Ramseur's Mill a few days before, crossed the Yadkin River and united with General MacArthur, whom Cornwallis had sent on to Anson County. By July 31st, Gregory, with Rutherford and his brigade, joined General Caswell at The Cheraws, just across the South Carolina border. For several weeks there was much suffering among the men on account of the lack of food. Although corn was plentiful, the rivers were so high that the mills could not grind the meal. Meanwhile, the army of Lord Rawdon was stationed near Camden, South Carolina, and General Gates, who had joined Caswell on August 17th after having learned that the British general was daily expecting a supply of food and stores for his men, determined to intercept the convoy and capture the supplies for his own army. In the meantime Cornwallis, unknown to Gates, had joined Lord Rawdon. Gates, ignorant of this reinforcement of the troops of Lord Cornwallis, marched leisurely towards Camden to capture the coveted stores. The result of the historically wasted battle which followed is known only too well. The American militia, panic-stricken at the furious onslaught of the enemy, threw down their arms and fled and General Gates, after a vain attempt to rally his troops, lost courage and abandoned his forces and stores as well. As a result General Gates brought the everlasting disgrace upon his name which is remembered unto this generation. The cowardly conduct of Gates and several of the other officers of the American army, as well as many of the militia in this disastrous battle, was offset by the heroism and courage of others; and among those who won undying fame on that fatal field, was General Gregory. Roger Lamb, a British officer, penned an account of the battle, and speaking of the disgraceful conduct of those officers and men whose flight from the field brought shame upon the American army, said: "In justice to North Carolina, it should be remarked that General Gregory's brigade acquitted themselves well. They formed on the left of the Continentals, and kept the field while they had a cartridge left. Gregory himself was twice wounded by bayonets in bringing off his men, and many in his brigade had only bayonet wounds." Hand to hand with bayonets requires far more courage than to stand at a distance firing a musket. In the midst of the heated battle, the horse of General Gregory was shot out from under him. When Lord Cornwallis saw him fall, he was certain the General Gregory was slain that he wrote the name of Gregory in his official report of the battle, for those American officers killed on the field. Afterwards, Gregory bravely fought many more battles.

Fairfax Plantation

After the war, he represented Camden County in the State Senate from 1778 to 1789. And in 1789 when the Currituck Seminary was established at Indian Town, Isaac Gregory and his friend and brother officer, Colonel Peter Dauge, were appointed on the board of trustees of this school, which for many years was one of the leading educational institutions of the Albemarle section. General Gregory lived at the Ferebee place in Camden County in a large brick house, known then, as now, as Fairfax Hall. Source: In Ancient Albemarle by Catherine Albertson (published by the North Carolina Society Daughters of the Revolution.

The Great Dismal Swamp
By Jeannette Holland Austin

The Great Dismal Swamp. In 1728, Colonel William Byrd II was a member of a commission which was sent to survey the North Carolina-Virginia State line running through the Swamp. But it was not until May of 1763 that George Washington made his first visit there with the idea of draining it and digging a north-south canal to connect the waters of the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia with the Albemarle Sound in North Carolina. For this purpose the Dismal Swamp Land Company and the Adventurers for Draining the Great Dismal Swamp were sent to do the job. They hoped to drain the Swamp and harvest the trees, then use the land for farming. Therefore, 40,000 acres were purchased in 1763 for some $20,000. It was George Washington who directed the surveying and digging of the 5-mile long ditch from the western edge of the Swamp to Lake Drummond (Washington Ditch) but it was not until the late 16th century that the Riddick Ditch was completed. These ditches provided the avenue for transporting logs out of the Swamp and drained it as well. However the Adventurers soon realized that the task of draining the Swamp was enormous and gave up that part of the plan. Many of the ancient cypress trees were cut for shipbuilding and also the cedars for the purpose of making shingles and other products. Ultimately, Washington was disappointed in the management of the Dismal Swamp lumber business and in 1796 contracted to sell his 1/12th share to "Lighthorse" Harry Lee. But Lee was unable to come up with the purchase price. Therefore, when George Washington died, his share passed on to his heirs.

Camden County Genealogy, Wills and Probate Records

Camden County was formed from the northeastern part of Pasquotank County in 1777 and was named after Charles Pratt, the 1st Lord Camden, one of the opposers of the Stamp Act. The Dismal Swamp Canal runs through the southern portion of the county. Pictured is the Battle of South Mills (won by the Confederates) near the canal. Also pictured is the Milford House (Rolfe-Green-Sawyer House) built about 1746, purported to be the oldest known two-story brick house still standing in North Carolina. The brickwork is of Flemish bond design with glazed headers.

The following probate records are available to members of North Carolina Pioneers

1790 Camden County Census

Images of Camden County Wills 1822 to 1840

Aydelett, Abner

Barnard, John

Bell, Brickhouse

Bell, Mary

Bell, Seth

Berry, Balsen

Berry, Sarah

Bray, Henry Jr.

Bray, Henry Sr.

Brit, Hezekiah

Brite, Richard

Britt, Malachi

Broushell, Mat

Brown, Sarah

Burford, Ambrose

Bute, Shadrick

Capts, Franky

Cartwright, Asa

Cartwright, Daniel

Chamberlain, Charles

Chamberlin, Joseph

Culpepper, Peter

Davos, Frederick

Dozier, Caleb

Dozier, Chloe

Dozier, Isaac

Dozier, Evan

Dozier, Peter

Dozier, Sarah

Dozier, Thomas

Dozier, Tully

Etheridge, Phillis

Etheridge, Thomas

Faircloth, Isaac

Ferrill, Thomas

Forbes, Elizabeth

Forbes, Sarah

Forbes, Southy

Gallup, Josiah

Godfrey, James

Godfrey, Malachi

Gordon, Thomas

Grandy, Lydia

Grandy, Susanah

Gray, Caleb

Gray, Laban

Gray, Thomas

Gray, William

Gregory, Elizabeth

Gregory, Isaac

Gregory, Noah

Guilford, William

Hamsen, Isaac

Harrington, Isaac

Harrison, Dempsey

Hathaway, Sally

Herrington, Fanny

Johnson, Nancy

Jones, Dorothy

Jones, Lemuel

Jones, William

Jones, Willoughby

Keallor, Nathan

Kelly, James

Kelly, John

Kenaday, John

Lamb, Isaac

Lamb, Luke

Lamb, Thomas

Linton, Nancy

Luppy, Polly

Lurry (or Surry), Nathan

McCoy, Polly

McPherson, Demsey

Mercer, Thomas

Mercer, William

Morgan, Joseph

Nash, Sally

Oggs, Prudence

Overton, Benjamin

Overton, Rodah

Padrick, Jacob

Parker, Stephen

Phillips, Samuel

Pritchard, John

Prittyman, Mary

Proctor, Elizabeth

Proctor, Samuel

Robertson, Lenny

Sandelin, Sally

Sandelin, Willis

Savills, Mary

Sawyer, Annis

Sawyer, Elisha

Sawyer, Enoch

Sawyer, James

Sawyer, Joshua

Sawyer, Malichi

Sawyer, Mathias

Sawyer, William

Seymore, Mourning

Spence, James

Spence, Noah

Standley, Lemuel

Surry, John

Taylor, Esdrass

Tuttle, Asa

Upton, Lattimore

Whitehurst, Christopher

Whitehurst, John

Whitehurst, Jonathan

Whitehurst, Lemon

Williams, Caleb

Williams, Edward

Wilson, Willis

Wright, Aleaph

Wright, Arthur

Wright, Francis

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